Francesco Cagnetta

Theoretical and Scientific Data Science Group at SISSA.

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I am a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow specialising in theoretical deep learning. My research focuses on the interaction between the layered architecture of deep learning models and the hierarchical structure of natural data, such as images and text. I am also interested in how this hierarchical structure influences data statistics and the effectiveness of learning algorithms.

I hold a PhD in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics from the University of Edinburgh, where I worked with Martin R. Evans and Davide Marenduzzo on developing theoretical models of the fluctuations of biological interfaces such as the cell membranes. I then joined Matthieu Wyart’s lab at EPFL, where we investigated the relationship between data structure and the sample complexity of deep learning methods.

news

Oct 07, 2025 Submissions for the EurIPS2025 workshop on Principles of Generative Modelling are open!

selected publications

  1. Cagnetta2024StructureLanguage.png
    Towards a theory of how the structure of language is acquired by deep neural networks
    Francesco Cagnetta and Matthieu Wyart
    In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 37, 2024
  2. Cagnetta2024RHM.png
    How Deep Neural Networks Learn Compositional Data: The Random Hierarchy Model
    Francesco Cagnetta*, Leonardo Petrini*, Umberto M. Tomasini, and 2 more authors
    Phys. Rev. X, 2024